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Why would ARS Scientists from the Plum Island Animal Research Facility, test Japanese Encephalitis vaccine on HUMANS? |
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INDUCTION OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS-SPECIFIC CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTES IN HUMAN BY POXVIRUS-BASED JE VACCINE CANDIDATES Author(s): KONISHI EIJI KURANE ICHIRO MASON PETER W SHOPE ROBERT E KANESA-THASAN NIRANJAN SMUCNY JOHN J HOKE CHARLES H ENNIS FRANCIS A Interpretive Summary: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne viral disease that infects pigs, horses, and humans in many areas of the Far East and Southeast Asia. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection of pregnant swine can cause abortion, and many of the successfully delivered offspring suffer irreversible brain damage. JEV infections of humans or horses can result in a severe brain infection known as encephalitis. Current vaccines for JE consist of chemically inactivated viruses prepared from JEV-infected suckling mice. Preparation of these vaccines is dangerous and time consuming. In an attempt to develop new vaccines, we have been engineered and tested genetically engineered poxviruses that encode a some of the protein immunogens of JEV. These poxviruses have been shown to be safe and effective vaccines for JE in mice and swine. The current work describes the further characterization of these recombinant poxviruses. Specifically, we have demonstrated that these viruses can be safely administered to human volunteers, and that the vaccinees produced immune responses, including antibodies and cytotoxic (killer) T- lymphocytes (cells) that are capable of destroying JEV-infected cells. However, immune responses were reduced in vaccinees who had a history of vaccination against smallpox. Keywords: virology aphthovirus disease recombinant dna receptor Contact: P O BOX 848 GREENPORT LI ORIENT POINT NY 11944 FAX: (516)323-2507 Email: PeterMas@ASRR.ARSUSDA.GOV Approved Date: 1999-01-14 TEKTRAN United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Updated: 1999-01-16 Please visit my home page and message board http:disc.server.com/Indices/93896.htm https://goddess-of-fire.tripod.com/index-1.html |
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